What materials are commonly used for boiler construction?

Boiler construction primarily utilizes materials that can withstand high temperatures and pressure, which is crucial for safe and efficient operation. Steel and cast iron are the most common materials used in this construction due to their strength, durability, and ability to handle thermal stress.

Steel is particularly favored for modern boilers due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and resistance to corrosion when treated properly. Cast iron has historically been used for its excellent thermal conductivity and ability to withstand high pressure, making it suitable for older and heavier boiler designs.

In specific applications, special alloys may be used to enhance performance characteristics such as resistance to corrosion or higher temperature performance. These alloys can be essential in environments where traditional materials would fail due to extreme conditions.

The other materials listed, such as aluminum and plastic, do not have the necessary properties to handle the extreme conditions present in boiler operations. Wood and reinforced concrete are not suitable for pressure vessels required by boilers, and fiberglass and rubber would not withstand the required temperatures or pressures found in boiler systems. Thus, the combination of steel and cast iron, along with select alloys, stands out as the appropriate choice for reliable boiler construction.